Commemorative policy in Independent Kazakhstan

Abstract

In the article, the commemorative policy in Kazakhstan is analyzed in the period from the 90s to the present. During the classification of commemorative practices, the partial involvement of the state in the implementation of certain measures is demonstrated. It is established that the commemorative policy pursued by the authorities is carried out in accordance with the requests of society, or the process of its further promotion is continued by people who are interested in the task of "establishing historical justice". This article attempts to classify memorable practices into four types by differentiating state-level acts that are instruments of commemoration. The classification of commemorative acts was determined by the content structure in order to prove the representation of each classification, a case method was used. In practical cases, the effectiveness of normative acts aimed at modernizing national memory, the ideological significance of holidays and anniversaries celebrated by the general public, and the impact of toponymic changes are studied. In addition, a retrospective analysis of such events as the celebration of Nauryz and the anniversary of Abai Kunanbayuly showed that their ideological significance and scenario are due to current political changes. By analyzing the commemorative practices over the years of independence, it was revealed that the acts carried out by the authorities in relation to national memories perform several functions: first, carrying the collective memory; second, uniting intergenerational ties for many years; third, keeping identity by increasing participation of interested groups and the population. In the study of the article topic, the theories of Emile Durkheim, Pierre Nor, Aleida Assman, "Adilet" legal system of regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan and mass media data published in open Internet sources were used.